Development of Manual for Intramural Activity Management

Abstract

Intramural sports programs play a vital role in fostering student participation, leadership, and holistic development; however, their effectiveness largely depends on how systematically they are planned and managed within schools. This study aimed to design and validate an Intramural Activity Management Manual for three private schools in Cagayan de Oro City. Anchored in Design and Development Research (DDR) and guided by the Analysis, Design, and Development (A–D–D) phases of the ADDIE model, the study focused on developing a structured, context-responsive manual grounded in actual school practices. A purposive sample of four Senior High School Physical Education teachers and sports coordinators, three of whom served dual roles as PE teachers and sports coordinators, and one directly involved in intramural program implementation, participated in the needs analysis, while three expert validators evaluated the developed manual. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and an expert validation rating scale. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while quantitative data were treated using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed that school intramural sports activity management is shaped by student participation, teacher leadership and supervision, facilities and resource conditions, participation and selection systems, institutional collaboration, and safety and risk management. These contextual dimensions informed the development of the manual’s structure and content. Expert feedback led to revisions that enhanced clarity, organization, usability, and operational completeness, particularly in planning systems, organizational structure, safety compliance, and documentation. The manual was rated from very good to excellent across content quality, practical applicability, organization and clarity, contextual suitability, and overall evaluation. The study concludes that the developed Intramural Activity Management Manual is a structured, practical, and context-responsive resource that can support effective, consistent, and safe implementation of school intramural sports programs.